API 5L Line Pipe Physical Properties

 

NPS (in)	Outside Diameter (in)	API 5l Pipe Schedule
		SCH 10	SCH 20	SCH 30	SCH STD	SCH 40	SCH 60	SCH XS	SCH 80	SCH 100	SCH 120	SCH 140	SCH 160	SCH XXS
		Wall Thickness (in)
1/8	0.405				0.068	0.068		0.095	0.095
1/4	0.540				0.088	0.088		0.119	0.119
3/8	0.675				0.091	0.091		0.126	0.126
1/2	0.840				0.109	0.109		0.147	0.147				0.187	0.294
3/4	1.050				0.113	0.113		0.154	0.154				0.219	0.308
1	1.315				0.133	0.133		0.179	0.179				0.250	0.358
1 1/4	1.660				0.140	0.140		0.191	0.191				0.250	0.382
1 1/2	1.900				0.145	0.145		0.200	0.200				0.281	0.400
2	2.375				0.154	0.154		0.218	0.218				0.344	0.436
2 1/2	2.875				0.203	0.203		0.276	0.276				0.375	0.552
3	3.500				0.216	0.216		0.300	0.300				0.438	0.600
3 1/2	4.000				0.226	0.226		0.318	0.318
4	4.500				0.237	0.237		0.337	0.337		0.438		0.531	0.674
5	5.563				0.258	0.258		0.375	0.375		0.500		0.625	0.750
6	6.625				0.280	0.280		0.432	0.432		0.562		0.719	0.864
8	8.625		0.250	0.277	0.322	0.322	0.406	0.500	0.500	0.594	0.719	0.812	0.906	0.875
10	10.750		0.250	0.307	0.365	0.365	0.500	0.500	0.594	0.719	0.844	1.000	1.125	1.000
12	12.750		0.250	0.330	0.375	0.406	0.562	0.500	0.688	0.844	1.000	1.125	1.312	1.000
14	14.000	0.250	0.312	0.375	0.375	0.438	0.594	0.500	0.750	0.938	1.094	1.250	1.406
16	16.000	0.250	0.312	0.375	0.375	0.500	0.656	0.500	0.844	1.031	1.219	1.438	1.594
18	18.000	0.250	0.312	0.438	0.375	0.562	0.750	0.500	0.938	1.156	1.375	1.562	1.781
20	20.000	0.250	0.375	0.500	0.375	0.594	0.812	0.500	1.031	1.281	1.500	1.750	1.969
22	22.000	0.250	0.375	0.500	0.375		0.875	0.500	1.125	1.375	1.625	1.875	2.125
24	24.000	0.250	0.375	0.562	0.375	0.688	0.969	0.500	1.219	1.531	1.812	2.062	2.344
30	30.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375			0.500
32	32.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375	0.688
34	34.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375	0.688
36	36.000	0.312	0.500	0.625	0.375	0.750
42	42.000		0.500	0.625	0.375	0.750

Dimensions:

Nominal Pipe Size (NPS): API 5L pipes are typically designated by their nominal pipe size, which is a North American standard for describing pipe dimensions. Common NPS sizes for API 5L Line Pipes range from 1/8 inch to 48 inches or larger.

Outside Diameter (OD): The actual outer diameter of the pipe, which determines the size of fittings and connections.

Wall Thickness (WT): The thickness of the pipe wall, which affects the pipe's strength and capacity to withstand pressure.

Weight: API 5L Line Pipes come in various weight categories, often specified in terms of "Schedule" (e.g., Schedule 40, Schedule 80). The schedule number indicates the wall thickness of the pipe, and heavier schedules are used for higher-pressure applications.

Mechanical Properties:

Yield Strength: The minimum amount of stress at which a material will begin to deform plastically (permanently) when subjected to a load. Different grades of API 5L Line Pipes have specified minimum yield strengths, typically ranging from 35,000 psi (240 MPa) to 80,000 psi (550 MPa) or more, depending on the grade.

Tensile Strength: The maximum amount of tensile (pulling) stress a material can withstand without breaking. Tensile strength is typically higher than the yield strength for API 5L Line Pipes.

Elongation: The percentage of elongation or stretching the pipe can undergo before it fractures. Elongation is important for assessing the ductility and toughness of the material.

Hardness: The resistance of the pipe material to indentation or scratching. Hardness values are typically specified to ensure that the pipe has the required strength and durability.

Density: The density of steel used in API 5L Line Pipes is typically around 7.8 grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³). This information is important for calculating the weight of the pipe.

Thermal Expansion: The linear expansion of the pipe material with changes in temperature. Knowing the coefficient of thermal expansion is essential for designing pipelines to accommodate temperature fluctuations.

Coefficient of Friction: The frictional characteristics of the pipe's internal surface are important for assessing flow resistance and pressure drop in the pipeline.

Surface Finish: The surface finish of the pipe can affect its corrosion resistance and ease of welding. Common surface finishes include black, galvanized, or coated pipes.

Material Composition: API 5L specifies the chemical composition of the steel used in the pipes. This includes the presence of specific alloying elements and limits on impurities to ensure the desired material properties.

It's important to note that the specific physical properties of API 5L Line Pipes can vary depending on the grade, manufacturing process (seamless or welded), and other factors. Engineers and pipeline designers must consider these properties when selecting the appropriate grade and type of pipe for a given application to ensure safety and reliability. Additionally, adherence to the latest edition of the API 5L standard is crucial for meeting industry standards and regulatory requirements.