API 5L X42 Round Steel Tube
API 5L X42 PSL1 Steel Pipe and API 5L X42 PSL2 Pipe have high tensile strength, hardness and toughness to withstand breaks and cracks. Good weldability. Forming operations such as flanging, welding or bending can be performed.
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API 5L X42 Steel Tube
What is API 5L X42 Round Steel Tube?
API 5L X42 (also referred to as L290) is a carbon steel line pipe grade standardized by the American Petroleum Institute.
X42 / L290: The number represents the minimum yield strength: 42,000 psi or 290 MPa.
Function: It is primarily used for transporting oil, gas, and water. It is stronger than Grade B pipe but more economical than ultra-high-strength grades like X65 or X70.
PSL Levels: Available in PSL 1 (Standard quality) and PSL 2 (Strict chemical/mechanical requirements and mandatory NDT testing).
Total Corrosion Protection: Combine API 5L X42 Pipes with Factory-Applied 3PE or FBE Coating. Durable Solutions for Underground Service-Get a Package Quote!
API 5L X42 Pipe Specification Table
| Feature | Details |
| Standard | API Spec 5L / ISO 3183 |
| Grade | X42 / L290 |
| Product Specification Level | PSL 1 and PSL 2 |
| Outer Diameter (OD) | Seamless: 1/2" – 24" / Welded: 2" – 60" |
| Wall Thickness (WT) | SCH 10 to SCH 160, XXS |
| Length | SRL (6m), DRL (12m), or Custom Lengths |
| End Finish | Plain End, Beveled End, Threaded & Coupled |
| Coating Options | FBE, 3PE/3LPE, Black Paint, Galvanized |
API 5L X42 PS1 and PSL2 pipe Chemical Composition & Mechanical Strength Table (PSL 2)
Chemical Composition (%)
| Grade | C (max) | Mn (max) | P (max) | S (max) | V/Nb/Ti |
| X42 / L290 | 0.22 | 1.30 | 0.025 | 0.015 | Optional |
Mechanical Strength
| Grade | Yield Strength (min) | Tensile Strength (min) | Yield to Tensile Ratio |
| X42 / L290 | 290 MPa (42.1 ksi) | 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) | ≤ 0.93 (PSL 2 only) |
X42 Carbon Steel Pipe Wall Thickness Chart (Representative)
| Nominal Size (NPS) | OD (mm) | SCH 40 (mm) | SCH 80 (mm) | SCH XS (mm) |
| 2" | 60.3 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 5.54 |
| 4" | 114.3 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 8.56 |
| 8" | 219.1 | 8.18 | 12.70 | 12.70 |
| 12" | 323.9 | 10.31 | 17.48 | 12.70 |
| 24" | 609.6 | 17.48 | 30.96 | 12.70 |
API 5L X42 Pipe Sizes and Tolerances Table
| Property | OD Range | Tolerance |
| Outside Diameter | < 2-3/8" (60.3mm) | +0.41mm / -0.40mm |
| ≥ 2-3/8" to 20" | ± 0.75% of OD | |
| Wall Thickness | ≤ 4.0mm | +0.6mm / -0.5mm |
| > 4.0mm to 25.0mm | +15% / -12.5% of WT | |
| Straightness | All Sizes | ≤ 0.2% of total length |
ressure Rating of API 5L X42 Oil and Gas Carbon Seamless Steel Pipe (Estimated)
Based on Barlow's Formula for standard working temperatures.
| NPS | WT (SCH 40) | Test Pressure (PSI) | Working Pressure (PSI) |
| 2" | 3.91mm | 2,500 | 1,800 |
| 6" | 7.11mm | 2,210 | 1,590 |
| 12" | 10.31mm | 1,600 | 1,150 |
Delivery Conditions for API 5L X42 Pipe
| Symbol | Condition | Description |
| R | As Rolled | Pipe formed without additional heat treatment. |
| N | Normalizing Rolled | Pipe heat-treated to refine grain structure for better toughness. |
| Q | Quenched & Tempered | Rapid cooling and reheating for high strength and ductility. |
| M | Thermomechanical Rolled | Controlled rolling at specific temperatures (Common for PSL 2). |
API 5L Grade X42 Pipe Welding Methods
ERW (Electric Resistance Welding): Ideal for small to medium diameters.
LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding): Used for large diameter, heavy wall thickness pipes.
SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welding): Most cost-effective for large diameter water and oil lines.
Seamless (SMLS): Extruded from solid billets; best for high-pressure and critical service.
API 5L X42 Line Pipe Test Methods
GNEE ensures every X42 pipe meets safety standards through:
Hydrostatic Test: 100% testing to verify no leaks under pressure.
Flattening/Bend Test: Ensuring ductility of the weld and pipe body.
CVN Impact Test: Testing toughness at low temperatures (Mandatory for PSL 2).
NDT (Non-Destructive Testing): Ultrasonic (UT) or X-Ray of the weld seam.
Guided Bend Test: Verifying the strength of the longitudinal or spiral weld.
Applications of API 5L X42 Pipe
Onshore Pipelines: Long-distance transportation of crude oil and natural gas.
Water Supply Systems: Large-scale municipal and industrial water transmission.
Refineries & Petrochemicals: Low-to-medium pressure fluid handling.
Structural Piling: Used in construction and bridge-building due to its structural integrity.
Offshore Riser Systems: Specifically treated X42 pipes for shallow-water oil gas transport.
API 5L X42 Round Steel Pipe
API 5L X42 Factory
API 5L X42 pipeline certificat
FAQ
What is equivalent to API 5L X42 material?
ISO 3183 Equivalent: L290 (The global ISO standard for line pipe).
European Standard (EN): L290NB (Normalized) or L290MB (Thermomechanically rolled) according to EN 10208-2.
Chinese Standard (GB): L290 according to GB/T 9711.
ASTM Closest Comparison: There is no exact 1:1 match in the ASTM A106/A53 series, but ASTM A106 Grade B is often used in similar environments, although X42 has a slightly higher yield strength (290 MPa vs. 240 MPa).
What is the difference between API 5L X42 and X52?
The primary difference between API 5L X42 and X52 is their mechanical strength. X52 is a higher-strength grade designed for higher-pressure applications.
Key Differences
Performance: X52 is approximately 24% stronger than X42. This allows X52 to handle higher internal pressures or use a thinner wall thickness to save weight in long pipelines.
Chemical Composition: X52 typically contains slightly higher levels of Manganese (Mn) or micro-alloying elements (like Vanadium or Niobium) to achieve its higher strength while maintaining weldability.
Cost: X52 is generally more expensive than X42 due to the additional alloying elements and stricter manufacturing requirements.
Application:
X42 is ideal for low-to-medium pressure local distribution lines and water transport.
X52 is the industry standard for long-distance, high-pressure oil and gas transmission lines.
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