St52 Cold Drawn Seamless Carbon Steel Tube
St52 cold drawn seamless carbon steel tube is a precision product, not a commodity: the same E355 / 1.0580 steel can be certified to a 355 MPa or a 450 MPa yield simply by choosing the delivery condition, and its as-drawn bore is a machining reference rather than a finished seal surface. Specify the condition, the tolerance class and the bore requirement explicitly, and the tube will arrive ready for the next operation.
Gnee Steel (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. is one of the most reliable manufacturers and suppliers of St52 Cold Drawn Seamless Carbon Steel Tube in China, also supports customized service with low price. Welcome to wholesale discount St52 Cold Drawn Seamless Carbon Steel Tube for sale here from our factory. Contact us for free sample.
St52 cold drawn seamless carbon steel tube is the legacy DIN 2391 precision tube now supplied to EN 10305-1:2016 as grade E355 (material number 1.0580) - a plain carbon-manganese steel with outside diameter controlled to h8–h11 and wall to ±10 %. It is the same steel as structural S355 but ordered to a precision-tube standard, and its design yield moves from 355 MPa (normalized) to 450 MPa (stress-relieved cold drawn) depending on the delivery condition you specify. Decide the delivery condition and the bore finish before you order: this page covers the as-drawn tube.
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Capability |
|---|---|
| Standard | EN 10305-1:2016 (E355, 1.0580); legacy DIN 2391 (St52) |
| Outside diameter | 4–380 mm standard scope (commercial to 500 mm / 20 in) |
| Wall thickness | 0.5–25 mm (0.02–1.0 in) |
| Length | Up to 12 m, cut to length; random 6 m |
| OD tolerance | h8 / h9 / h10 / h11, or absolute ±0.05 to ±0.45 mm by size |
| Wall tolerance | ±10 % (or ±7.5 % / +S single-side) by precision grade |
| Bore finish | As-drawn Ra 0.8–1.6 µm (not a finished H8 hole) |
| Straightness | ≤1/1000 (≤0.3–1.0 mm/m by process) |
| Delivery condition | +C / +LC / +SR / +A / +N (BK / BKW / BKS / GBK / NBK) |
| Surface | Bright, oiled, pickled or phosphated; anti-rust oil inside and out |
| Certification | EN 10204 3.1; third-party inspection (SGS / BV / TÜV / DNV) on request |
Chemical Composition
| Element | Maximum (%) | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.22 | Low carbon for welding and cold forming |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.55 | Deoxidiser, not an alloying addition |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1.60 | Raises strength and toughness |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.025 | Controlled impurity |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.025 | Option 2 controlled S 0.015–0.040 for machinability |
| Aluminium total (Al) | 0.020 min | Grain refinement (fine-grain requirement) |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.009 max | Fine-grain nitrogen control |
Every element listed is a controlled limit, not a target. E355 is a non-alloy carbon-manganese steel - it carries no chromium, molybdenum or nickel specification, so any page that prints those as "maximums" has copied the wrong grade table.
Mechanical Properties
| Delivery condition (EN / DIN) | Tensile Rm MPa (min) | Yield ReH MPa (min) | Elongation A % (min) |
|---|---|---|---|
| +C / BK - cold drawn, hard | 640 | not specified | 4 |
| +LC / BKW - cold drawn, soft | 580 | not specified | 7 |
| +SR / BKS - stress relieved | 580 | 450 | 10 |
| +A / GBK - annealed | 450 | not specified | 22 |
| +N / NBK - normalized | 490–630 | 355 | 22 |
The yield column is the source of most quoting mistakes: +C and +LC have no specified yield, +SR certifies 450 MPa, and +N certifies 355 MPa. Treat "St52 yield" as a single number only after the delivery condition is fixed.
Grade Ladder: St52 vs E235 vs E355 vs S355
| Grade | Material no. | Normalized yield ReH MPa (min) | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|
| E235 (St35) | 1.0308 | 235 | Light structural and low-pressure tubing |
| E355 (St52) | 1.0580 | 355 | Precision tube for hydraulics, machining, auto |
| E420 | 1.8900 | 420 | Higher-strength precision and structural tube |
| S355 (structural) | 1.0577 | 355 | Structural sections and plate, same chemistry as E355 |
Step up to E420 only when wall thickness is the constraint; step down to E235 when strength is ample and cost drives the choice. S355 and E355 share chemistry but belong to different standard families, so the drawing must name the one you intend.
Size Boundary and Two Supply Routes
EN 10305-1:2016 scopes seamless cold drawn tubes to an outside diameter of 380 mm. Above that, the certificate basis shifts to EN 10297-1 (hot finished mechanical seamless tube) or EN 10216-3 (for pressure purposes), and the cold-drawn surface and tolerance can no longer be promised. For practical buying:
| Route | Size window | What it controls |
|---|---|---|
| EN 10305-1 cold drawn | OD ≤380 mm (commercial to ~500 mm), wall 0.5–25 mm | Tight OD/wall, bright bore, cold-worked strength |
| EN 10297-1 hot finished | OD >380 mm, heavier wall | Larger sizes, normalized properties, looser tolerance |
Both routes can supply the same E355/S355 chemistry; only the dimensional promise and the strength basis change. Specifying cold drawn beyond 380 mm risks a delivery that cannot meet the tolerance you priced against.
Dimensional Tolerances
| OD range (mm) | OD tolerance (± mm) |
|---|---|
| 4–30 | 0.08 |
| 31–40 | 0.15 |
| 41–50 | 0.20 |
| 51–60 | 0.25 |
| 61–70 | 0.30 |
| 71–100 | 0.30 (0.40–0.45 for larger) |
Equivalent ISO hole limits are h8 to h11; wall tolerance is ±10 % (or ±7.5 % / +S single-side) by the precision grade chosen. The bore is the as-drawn surface - it is not finished to an H-class limit on this product.
Choosing the Delivery Condition
| Duty | Recommended condition | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Welded or stress-critical parts | +SR / BKS | Stabilises residual stress; certified 450 MPa yield |
| Heavy machining or post-form bending | +N / NBK | 22 % elongation absorbs stock removal and forming |
| High-strength machined components | +C / BK | Rm ≥640 MPa, good chip control |
| Non-pressure or low-duty structural | +A / GBK | Best ductility at lowest cost |
How St52 Cold Drawn Tube Is Made
Mother tube. Hot-rolled or hot-extruded seamless shell selected against the mill certificate for chemistry and soundness.
Pickling and lubrication. Scale is removed and a soap or phosphate carrier is applied so the die grips without galling.
Cold drawing. One or more die-and-plug passes reduce OD and wall to the tight finished size and work-harden the steel.
Heat treatment. +SR, +A or +N sets the delivery condition and therefore the yield you design to.
Straightening. Roller straightening holds ≤1/1000 so the tube is a true reference axis.
Cutting and finishing. Cut to length, ends deburred, bore and OD oiled, ends capped for transit.
Inspection. Dimensional check, roughness spot check and certificate against heat number before release.
Quality Control and Testing
Mill certificate vs heat number. Chemistry and mechanics trace to the lot, not just the grade.
Dimensional inspection. OD, wall, length and straightness checked against the ordered tolerance class.
Surface and roughness. Bore Ra sampled; externals checked for laps, seams and oxide.
Mechanical verification. Tensile and, where the condition requires it, yield and elongation on a test piece.
Non-destructive testing. Eddy current and ultrasonic available; hydrostatic on request for pressure duty.
EN 10204 3.1 certificate plus dimensional report as the documented acceptance basis.
Request a St52 Cold Drawn Seamless Tube Quote
Send your grade (St52 / E355), delivery condition, outside diameter × wall thickness, length and surface requirement - our technical team will confirm the specification against EN 10305-1:2016 and return a quotation with lead time, typically within 24 hours. Contact GNEE today.
Why Source St52 Tube from GNEE
As a St52 cold drawn tube supplier, GNEE pairs the same E355 / 1.0580 steel with the delivery condition, tolerance and bore finish your job actually needs.
Grade and condition control. We supply the full chain - E355 mother tube through cold drawing and the heat treatment that sets your delivery condition - so the certified yield is the one you designed to.
One steel, two products. The same St52/E355 is available here as the as-drawn precision tube (this page) and as the finished ST52.3 honed cylinder tube, so you can buy both from one source.
Documentation. EN 10204 3.1 certificates and third-party inspection (SGS / BV / TÜV / DNV) on request.
Service. Technical confirmation against your drawing within 24 hours and short lead times for both standard and trial quantities.
FAQ
Is St52 the same as E355 and S355?
Yes - St52 under the withdrawn DIN 2391 and E355 under EN 10305-1:2016 are the same steel under material number 1.0580. S355 is the same chemistry in the structural-steel family (EN 10025-2). The steel does not change; only the standard family and the delivery condition do. Always write the standard alongside the name, because the same numerical grade exists in more than one family.
Why do I see both 355 MPa and 450 MPa quoted as the yield of St52?
355 MPa is the yield of the normalized condition (+N/NBK) and also the S355 structural value. The stress-relieved cold-drawn condition (+SR/BKS) raises the specified minimum yield to 450 MPa, and the cold-drawn-hard condition (+C/BK) guarantees a tensile strength of at least 640 MPa but has no specified yield. The number you design to depends entirely on the delivery condition on the order - they are the same steel, not two different grades.
Is the bore of a St52 cold drawn tube finished to H8?
No. A cold drawn seamless tube controls the outside diameter and wall thickness to h8–h11; the bore is the as-drawn inner surface at Ra 0.8–1.6 µm, not a finished H8/H9 hole. H8 is the bore tolerance of a honed or SRB cylinder tube. If your application needs a finished bore, order our ST52.3 honed tube or an SRB tube where the bore is brought to H8/H9 at Ra 0.2–0.4 µm.
What is the difference between St52, St52.3 and St52.4?
St52 alone is the DIN 2391 precision-tube grade (now EN 10305-1 E355, material no. 1.0580). The suffix changes the standard family: St52.3 is the fine-grain variant used for hydraulic cylinder tubes, while St52.4 belongs to DIN 1630 (seamless tubes of special quality) with different mechanical values (yield at least 320 MPa, tensile 490–670 MPa). They are not interchangeable without checking the standard written on the drawing.
What ASTM grade is equivalent to St52?
The closest ASTM supply route is A519 grade 1026. However, AISI 1026 has a manganese maximum of 0.90 %, whereas St52/E355 allows up to 1.60 % manganese, so 1026 is a tube-supply route, not a grade equivalent. Do not treat them as identical chemistry on a material certificate.
Can I use a St52 cold drawn tube directly as a hydraulic cylinder barrel?
Only if the bore is finished afterwards. A cold drawn St52 tube is the mother stock for cylinder barrels, but its as-drawn bore is not tight enough for a seal. For a ready-to-assemble barrel, order our ST52.3 honed tube or an SRB tube where the bore is brought to H8/H9 at Ra 0.2–0.4 µm.
What delivery condition should I specify for St52 precision tube?
It depends on the operation: +SR/BKS (yield 450 MPa) for welded or stress-critical parts; +N/NBK (yield 355 MPa, 22% elongation) for heavy machining or forming; +C/BK (Rm at least 640 MPa) for high-strength machined components. State the symbol and the EN/DIN condition on the purchase order so the mill knows which strength basis to certify.
What is the chemical composition of St52 / E355?
Per EN 10305-1:2016 Table 2, E355 (St52, 1.0580) has maximum carbon 0.22 %, silicon 0.55 %, manganese 1.60 %, phosphorus 0.025 %, sulfur 0.025 %, with aluminium 0.020 % minimum and nitrogen 0.009 % maximum. It is a plain carbon-manganese steel, not a low-alloy steel.
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